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​The Canada Water Agency (CWA) is a federal entity dedicated to enhancing the management and protection of Canada's freshwater resources. Established as a standalone agency on October 15, 2024, the CWA operates under the purview of Environment and Climate Change Canada, with its headquarters located in Winnipeg, Manitoba. ​ The inception of the CWA stems from a recognition of the critical importance of freshwater to Canada's environmental sustainability, public health, and economic prosperity. Prior to its establishment, responsibilities related to freshwater management were dispersed across various federal departments and agencies, leading to challenges in coordination and policy implementation. The creation of the CWA addresses these challenges by serving as a central body focused on freshwater issues, thereby streamlining efforts and enhancing collaboration among stakeholders. ​ Gouvernement du Canada The agency's mandate encompasses several key objectives aimed at improving freshwater management across the country. One of its primary roles is to provide leadership and facilitate effective collaboration among federal entities, provinces, territories, Indigenous peoples, and other stakeholders. This collaborative approach ensures that diverse perspectives are considered in decision-making processes, leading to more comprehensive and effective freshwater policies. ​ In addition to its leadership role, the CWA is actively involved in the protection and restoration of freshwater ecosystems. By leveraging scientific research and Indigenous knowledge, the agency develops strategies to address environmental challenges such as pollution, habitat degradation, and the impacts of climate change on water resources. This integrated approach ensures that conservation efforts are both scientifically sound and culturally respectful. ​ To further its mission, the CWA administers several programs and initiatives targeting specific freshwater bodies and issues. The Freshwater Ecosystem Initiatives, for example, focus on restoring and protecting water quality and aquatic ecosystem health in significant water bodies, including the Great Lakes, Lake Winnipeg, and the St. Lawrence River. These initiatives involve advancing science and monitoring, enhancing governance through collaboration, mobilizing knowledge, and improving climate change resiliency through on-the-ground actions. ​ Another critical aspect of the CWA's work is its involvement in the review and modernization of the Canada Water Act. Originally enacted in 1970, the Act provides the framework for cooperation among federal, provincial, and territorial governments in the conservation, development, and utilization of Canada's water resources. Recognizing the evolving challenges posed by climate change and the importance of Indigenous rights, the CWA is leading efforts to update the Act to reflect contemporary freshwater realities. ​ The CWA also plays a pivotal role in enhancing freshwater data management in Canada. By developing a National Freshwater Data Strategy, the agency aims to improve the organization, storage, and sharing of freshwater information. This strategy facilitates better decision-making by ensuring that policymakers, researchers, and the public have access to reliable and up-to-date data on water quality, quantity, and usage. ​ Collaboration with Indigenous communities is integral to the CWA's operations. The agency is committed to respecting the rights of Indigenous peoples and supporting the implementation of the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples Act. By recognizing Indigenous knowledge systems and data sovereignty, the CWA works towards advancing reconciliation and ensuring that Indigenous perspectives are incorporated into freshwater management practices. ​ Gouvernement du Canada The organizational structure of the CWA is designed to effectively address regional freshwater issues across Canada. In addition to its headquarters in Winnipeg, the agency maintains regional offices in Vancouver, Toronto, Burlington, Quebec City, and Halifax. This regional presence ensures responsiveness to local freshwater challenges and facilitates collaboration with provincial, territorial, and local authorities. ​ The establishment of the Canada Water Agency marks a significant milestone in the country's commitment to safeguarding its freshwater resources. By providing centralized leadership, fostering collaboration, and leveraging scientific and Indigenous knowledge, the CWA is well-positioned to address both current and future challenges related to freshwater management in Canada.